A bathtub (AmE) or bath (BrE) is a plumbing fixture used for bathing. Most modern bathtubs are made of acrylic or fiberglass, but alternatives are available in the form of porcelain-coated steel or increasingly wood. Older western bathtubs are usually made of galvanized steel or porcelain over cast iron.
Until recently, most bathtubs were roughly rectangular in shape but with the advent of acrylic thermoformed baths, more and more shapes are becoming available. Bathtubs are typically white in colour although many other colours can be found.
Modern bathtubs encompass an overflow and waste and may or may not have taps mounted on them. They may be built-in or free standing or sometimes sunken.
Two main styles of bathtub are common:
Western-style bathtubs in which the bather lies down. These baths are typically shallow and long. Eastern style bathtubs in which the bather sits up. These are known as ofuro in Japan and are typically short and deep. The issue of intended use is what separates a bathtub from a hot tub or other recreational bathing facilities. A bathtub is usually placed in a bathroom either as a stand-alone fixture or in conjunction with a shower. Any historical view of bathtubs should be aware of the 1917 Bathtub hoax.
The process for enamelling cast iron bathtubs was invented by the Scottish-American David Dunbar Buick, who later went on to invent the OHV engine, and founded the Buick Motor Company.
The Clawfoot Tub or Claw Foot Tub is typically made of cast iron, but there are also acrylic clawfoot tub models. Modern technology has recently dropped the price of new clawfoot tubs down to around $1000 including shipping. Hence, while true antique clawfoot tubs are still collected, restored, and coveted by some, new reproduction clawfoot tubs are chosen by some remodellers and new home builders today.
Clawfoot tubs come in 5 major styles:
- Classic Roll Rim, Roll Top, or Flat Rim tubs as seen in the picture above.
- Slipper tubs - where one end is raised and sloped creating a more comfortable lounging position.
- Double Slipper Tubs - where both ends are raised and sloped
- Double Ended Tubs- where both ends of the tub are rounded. Notice how one end of the classic tub is rounded and one is fairly flat.
- Pedestal Tub - Pedestal tubs, unlike all the style listed above, do not have claw feet. The tub rests on a pedestal in what most would term an art deco style. Evidence of pedestal tubs date back to the Isle of Crete in 1000 BC
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